Nitrogen is Element #7

1. Nitrogen, also known as Nitrogeno in spanish, or azote in french, is the seventh element on the periodic table. It gets its name from a mineral known as "niter" (potassium nitrate), from which it can be prepared. My name refers to my physical and chemical form, which is a nonmetallic element that constitutes nearly four-fifths of the air by volume.











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3. Most isotopes of Nitrogen contain 7 protons and 7 neutrons in their nucleus. The naturally occurring
isotopes of nitrogen are N-14 and N-15. N-13 has a half-life of 10 minutes and the remaining isotopes have half lives of seconds or less. Nitrogen takes up 78% of the atmosphere by volume, and its average atomic mass is 14.01 grams.

4. In a neutral atom of Nitrogen, there are seven electrons, and two electron shells.

5. The atomic radius of a Nitrogen atom is 65 picometers.

6. In its pure elemental form, Nitrogen is odorless, colorless, tasteless, and generally inert. It has a melting point of -210 degrees celsius, and a boiling point of -195.8 degrees celsius. It has five electrons in its outer shell, so it is trivalent in most compounds.

7. The abundance of Nitrogen in a human body is 2.57%, however in the atmosphere, contains 4 times as much volume as oxygen.(78%). Nitrogen's abundance in Earth's crust is 19 parts per million by weight, and in the solar system, is 1,000 parts per million by weight.

8. Compounds that are formed by Nitrogen are:
Sodium Nitrate-

Potassium Nitrate-

Nitric Acid-

Ammonia-

9. Nitrogen was discovered by Daniel Rutherford in 1772, and was called noxious/fixed air at the time. It was being studied by multiple scientists and was observed to be the principle component of air in which animals had suffocated and flames had burned to extinction. Nitrogen was discovered by taking oxygen and carbon dioxide from the air and noticing that the left over gas could not support living organisms.

10. Although Nitrogen cannot support living organisms, it provides amino acids to plants and proteins to the human body produced by plants. Also, most industrially important compounds contain nitrogen, such as ammonia and nitric acid.  When nitrogen bonds are broken, large amounts of useful energy is often released a well.

11.Some interesting facts about nitrogen are: it makes up 78% of Earth's atmosphere but only 3% of Mars' atmosphere. The sound you hear when you crack your knuckles is actually nitrogen gas bubbles popping.  It is responsible for the orange-red, blue-green, blue-violet, and deep violet colours of the aurora. It is an ingredient in laughing gas. 



12. My reference: www.webelements.com/nitrogen